|
|
| Holmium | |
| Electron Configuration | 2,8,18,29,8,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f11 6s2 |
| Ground state | 4I°15/2 |
| Atomic Volume | 18.7 g/cm3 |
| Electronegativity | 1.23 |
| Magnetic ordering | No data |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | 5.49 x 10-6 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | 9.05467 x 10-7 |
| Speed of sound | 2760 m s-1 |
 Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 301 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 17.2 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 303 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 27.15 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 16.2 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 11.2 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Hardness |
|
| Brinell hardness | 746 MPa |
| Vickers hardness | 481 MPa |
| Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 40.2 GPa |
| Poisson ratio | 0.231 |
| Shear modulus | 26.3 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 64.8 GPa |
| Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 9.4 x 10-7 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | No data. |
| Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 2.0512 g Ah-1 |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 47.9 |
| Ionization Potential | |
 First
|
6.018 |
| Second
|
11.805 |
| Third
|
22.843 |
| Energy Levels |
|
| Kα1 (intensity 100) |
47.5467 KeV |
| Kα2 (intensity 50) |
46.6997 KeV |
| Kβ1 (intensity 23.7) |
53.877 KeV |
| Kβ2 (intensity 8.7) |
55.1278 KeV |
| Kβ3 (intensity 9.6) |
53.7164 KeV |
| Lα1 (intensity 100) |
6.7198 KeV |
| Lα2 (intensity 10) |
6.6795 KeV |
| Lβ1 (intensity 43) |
7.5253 KeV |
| Lβ2 (intensity 17) |
7.911 KeV |
| Lβ3 (intensity 9) |
7.6502 KeV |
| Lβ4 (intensity 4) |
7.4699 KeV |
| Lγ1 (intensity 5.8) |
8.747 KeV |
| Lγ2 (intensity 2) |
9.0477 KeV |
| Lγ3 (intensity 2) |
6.786 KeV |
| Ll (intensity 4.5) |
5.9398 KeV |
| Atomic Radii |
|
| Empirical
|
175 pm |
| Bohr Radius
|
No data. |
| Covalent Radius
|
No data. |
| Van der Waals
|
No data. |
| Triple covalent
|
No data. |
| Metallic
|
176.2 pm |
| Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 3 | VI | 1.041 | 0.901 | R |
| VIII | 1.155 | 1.015 | R | |
| IX | 1.212 | 1.072 | R | |
| X | 1.26 | 1.12 | ||
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
| Oxidation States |
|
| Main
|
Ho+3 |
| Other
|
|
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1)  |
|
| M - M+ |
580.7 |
| M+ - M2+ |
1139 |
| M2+ - M3+ |
2204 |
| M3+ - M4+ |
4100 |
| Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 1432 | 1584 | (1775) | (2040) | (2410) | (2964) |